Hollow shaft stepper motors are a specially designed stepper motor, the core feature of which is that they have one or more hollow shafts. These hollow shafts not only allow other parts of the motor to pass through, but also integrate additional functions as needed, such as heat dissipation, connection to other devices, etc.

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Stepper motor encoders are sensors attached to stepper motors, mainly used to monitor the mechanical angle or linear displacement of the motor in real time, and convert it into electronic signals to feed back to the control system (such as PLC). This feedback mechanism can make up for the shortcomings of stepper motor open-loop control, solve problems such as step loss and step loss, and improve positioning accuracy and dynamic response performance.

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A right-angle planetary gearbox is a special planetary reduction gearbox with the structural feature that multiple planetary gears rotate around a sun gear, and the axes of these planetary gears form a right angle with the axis of the sun gear. This design enables the gearbox to transmit power at a 90-degree angle, which is suitable for occasions where right-angle transmission is required.

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The working principle of helical planetary gearboxes is based on the unique movement of planetary gears. The planetary gears not only rotate around their own axes, but also rotate with the planet carrier around the axes of other gears. This structure allows power to be input and output in multiple directions. Through devices such as clutches or brakes, the rotation of a certain axis can be flexibly limited when necessary to achieve transmission of only two axes.

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A closed-loop stepper motor is a motor that adds an encoder to a stepper motor and achieves high-precision, low-jitter motors through a feedback mechanism. The closed-loop stepper motor installs an encoder on the motor to detect the position and speed of the motor in real time, and feeds this information back to the control system, thereby achieving precise control of the motor.

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Linear stepper motors are devices that convert electrical pulse signals into linear motion. They convert rotary motion into linear motion through internal mechanical structures. Linear stepper motors usually consist of a rotary motor and a transmission device (such as a screw and a nut). This design enables linear stepper motors to directly perform linear motion, simplifying mechanical design and improving motion accuracy.

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A stepper motor encoder is a sensor used to measure rotational position, speed and direction, and is often used in conjunction with a stepper motor. Its working principle is based on optical or magnetic principles. When the motor rotates, the relative movement between the rotating part and the fixed part inside the encoder causes changes in optical or magnetic signals, which are eventually converted into electrical signals.

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The design features of hollow shaft stepper motors allow for a hollow hole in the center of the shaft. This design optimizes mechanical design, facilitates wiring, and saves design space and production costs.

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A planetary gearbox is a mechanism that reduces the transmission speed ratio and increases the torque of the motor proportionally. Its structure includes multiple planetary gears rotating around a sun gear. This design enables the planetary gearbox to provide efficient deceleration and torque increase effects in a compact space.

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Permanent magnet stepper motors (PM motors) are stepper motors that use permanent magnet materials as rotors. The rotor uses permanent magnet materials and operates continuously based on the principle that like poles repel each other and opposite poles attract each other between the rotor and the stator.

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A worm reduction gearbox is a mechanical device that uses the meshing transmission of a worm and a worm wheel to achieve speed reduction. The worm is similar to a screw and has a large lead angle, while the worm wheel is a gear with a special shape. When the worm rotates, the power is transmitted to the worm wheel through the interaction between the helical tooth surface of the worm and the tooth surface of the worm wheel, thereby achieving speed reduction.

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The working principle of hollow rotary actuators involves drive and transmission mechanisms. Taking motor-gear transmission as an example, the motor starts to rotate after power is turned on, and the power is transmitted to the small gear through the coupling. The small gear meshes with the large gear to achieve speed conversion, thereby driving the turntable to rotate at the set speed.

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A bipolar stepper motor is a motor that controls the rotation of the rotor by changing the direction of the current. Its working principle is based on the interaction between electromagnetic induction and magnetic field. Each winding of a bipolar stepper motor can be energized in two directions, so one end of each winding can be either N pole or S pole.

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An integrated stepper motor is a stepper motor system that integrates the motor body and the driver. This design allows the motor to be directly connected to the control system through an interface, which simplifies the installation and debugging process and improves the overall performance and reliability of the system.

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CNC spindle motors usually use AC motors, and their working principle is based on electromagnetic induction. There are stators and rotors inside the motor, and AC coils are wound around the stators.

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The harmonic reducer gearbox is a transmission device that uses flexible gears to generate controllable elastic deformation waves, and through this deformation, the teeth of the rigid wheel and the flexible wheel are relatively staggered to transmit power and motion. It is mainly composed of four basic components: a wave generator, a flexible gear, a flexible bearing, and a rigid gear.

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The working principle of variable reluctance stepper motors is mainly based on electromagnetic induction and magnetic field changes. Specifically, when an electrical pulse signal is given, the corresponding coil will be energized to generate a magnetic field.

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Servo motors are the core actuators in servo systems. They accurately adjust the motion state of mechanical parts (such as position, speed, and torque) by receiving control signals to achieve high-precision control. Its core function is to convert the input voltage signal into the angular displacement or angular velocity of the shaft, thereby driving the controlled object.

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Hybrid stepper motors are a type of motor that combines the advantages of permanent magnet stepper motors and reactive stepper motors. It has high output torque and high step accuracy, and is widely used in industrial automation and precision control, especially as a drive device in economical CNC machine tools.

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The main structure of stepper motor drivers includes a ring pulse distributor and a power amplifier. The function of the ring pulse distributor is to distribute the clock pulse train from the control link to each phase winding of the stepper motor according to a certain rule, so that it can be powered on or off in a certain order and time.

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An integrated servo motor is a servo system that highly integrates motors, encoders, and drivers. Compared with traditional distributed servo motors, integrated servo motors reduce the number of cable connections, greatly reducing the size of the entire servo system and making it easier to install in equipment, especially those with limited internal space.

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A helical planetary gearbox is a type of mechanical power transmission system that combines the features of helical gears and planetary gearsets. It is commonly used in various industrial applications where high torque and smooth operation are required, such as in automotive, robotics, and heavy machinery.

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A Right Angle Planetary Gearbox is a type of gearbox that uses a set of gears to transfer motion and torque between shafts at a 90-degree angle. It combines the features of planetary gearing, which is known for its compact design and high torque output, with the ability to change the direction of the output shaft by 90 degrees.

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A linear stepper motor is a type of electric motor that generates linear motion directly, as opposed to the rotational motion produced by standard stepper motors. It operates by using the principles of electromagnetism and stepwise control to create precise incremental movements along a straight line.

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A closed-loop stepper motor refers to a stepper motor system that integrates feedback mechanisms to ensure precise control over its position, speed, and torque. Unlike traditional stepper motors, which are open-loop systems, closed-loop stepper motors use feedback devices such as encoders or resolvers to continuously monitor the motor's performance and adjust the current sent to the motor windings.

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A stepper motor driver is an actuator that converts electrical pulses into angular displacements. It precisely controls the number of steps, speed and direction of the stepper motor by receiving pulse signals from the control system.

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Integrated servo motors are mainly composed of servo motor body, encoder and driver. The servo motor body is the component that performs mechanical movement. The encoder is used to feedback the position and speed information of the motor, and the driver is responsible for receiving control signals and driving the motor to operate.

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A helical planetary gearbox is a mechanical transmission device composed of a planetary gear mechanism and helical gears. The core lies in the layout of the planetary gears. The central sun gear is surrounded by multiple planetary gears, and the outer side of the planetary gears wraps around the annular gear ring, and all gear axes remain parallel.

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Right-angle planetary gearboxes‌ are gearboxes used for deceleration or acceleration transmission, with the characteristics of high transmission efficiency, small size, low noise and long service life. Its core structure includes sun gear, planetary gear and inner ring gear. This structure can achieve high-efficiency transmission, and at the same time has high load-bearing capacity and long service life. ‌

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A linear stepper motor is an actuator that converts electrical pulse signals into linear displacement. Its motion mode is different from that of a rotary stepper motor. It directly outputs linear motion without the need for an intermediate conversion mechanism such as a lead screw or gear. A linear stepper motor consists of a stator and a mover.

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